{"id":3222,"date":"2022-09-30T10:32:44","date_gmt":"2022-09-30T08:32:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/active-oxygens-sustainability.evonik.com\/?post_type=article&p=3222"},"modified":"2022-10-18T10:08:19","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T08:08:19","slug":"sustainable-propulsion-systems-boost-spaceflight","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/active-oxygens-sustainability.evonik.com\/en\/articles\/sustainable-propulsion-systems-boost-spaceflight\/","title":{"rendered":"Sustain\u00adable propul\u00adsion systems boost spaceflight"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Sustain\u00adable propul\u00adsion systems boost spaceflight<\/h1>\n

The space indus\u00adtry is going places: The need to achieve tech\u00adno\u00adlog\u00adi\u00adcal progress and deliver sustain\u00adable propul\u00adsion systems is produc\u00ading a host of new play\u00aders that are driving these inno\u00adva\u00adtions inex\u00adorably forward. Evonik Active Oxygens\u2019 envi\u00adron\u00admen\u00adtally compat\u00adi\u00adble propel\u00adlant, PROPULSE\u00ae, has an impor\u00adtant role to play here.<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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2<\\\/sub>O2<\\\/sub>, as an environmentally compatible alternative to conventional rocket propellants"}\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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F<\/span>ast inter\u00adnet, commu\u00adni\u00adca\u00adtion, or navi\u00adga\u00adtion \u2013 satellite data is not just making life on Earth easier. Space-based data and tech\u00adnolo\u00adgies can also be used as tools for address\u00ading the global chal\u00adlenges of our time. Earth obser\u00adva\u00adtion from space plays a key role in combat\u00ading climate change or in sustain\u00adably manag\u00ading agri\u00adcul\u00adtural land, for exam\u00adple through \u201csmart farm\u00ading\u201d<\/a>. There are also numer\u00adous aero\u00adspace tech\u00adnol\u00adogy inno\u00adva\u00adtion projects aimed at making space\u00adflight itself more sustain\u00adable<\/a>, for exam\u00adple, by using more envi\u00adron\u00admen\u00adtally compat\u00adi\u00adble propellants.<\/p>\n

One such inno\u00adv\u00ada\u00adtive propel\u00adlant is PROPULSE\u00ae<\/a>, manu\u00adfac\u00adtured by the Active Oxygens busi\u00adness line at Evonik. Uses of the highly concen\u00adtrated hydro\u00adgen perox\u00adide<\/a> (H2<\/sub>O2<\/sub>) marketed under this brand name include launch\u00ading space rock\u00adets and, in the future, navi\u00adgat\u00ading satel\u00adlites. Unlike conven\u00adtional propel\u00adlants, its degra\u00adda\u00adtion process does not produce any substances that are harm\u00adful to humans or the natural world, just water, oxygen, and plenty of energy. The oxygen released can continue react\u00ading down\u00adstream with organic mate\u00adr\u00adial and thus gener\u00adate addi\u00adtional power. In fact, this advan\u00adtage is utilized in hybrid rock\u00adets<\/a>, where the oxygen reacts with poly\u00admer-based solid fuels.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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EU\u2019s \u201cENVOL\u201d project is work\u00ading on a hybrid rocket system<\/h5>\n

Evonik is there\u00adfore also natu\u00adrally involved in the devel\u00adop\u00adment of sustain\u00adable rocket propul\u00adsion systems, contribut\u00ading its expe\u00adri\u00adence in this field to major research projects. One exam\u00adple is the Hori\u00adzon 2020<\/a> HYPRO\u00adGEO<\/a> (Hybrid Propul\u00adsion Module for trans\u00adfer to GEO) project, funded by the Euro\u00adpean Commis\u00adsion. This already-completed project was dedi\u00adcated to build\u00ading a hybrid rocket engine that uses 98-percent hydro\u00adgen perox\u00adide as a propel\u00adlant. Solu\u00adtions with such high concen\u00adtra\u00adtions contain virtu\u00adally no water: Less ballast on the way into space means less energy required, less waste of resources, and lower costs.<\/p>\n

The Active Oxygens busi\u00adness line is currently involved in a second EU project called ENVOL<\/a> (Euro\u00adpean Newspace Verti\u00adcal Orbital Launcher). Here, nine private compa\u00adnies from seven Euro\u00adpean coun\u00adtries have formed a consor\u00adtium led by Evonik\u2019s Norwe\u00adgian part\u00adner Nammo Raufoss AS<\/a>. The objec\u00adtive is to develop a reli\u00adable, envi\u00adron\u00admen\u00adtally compat\u00adi\u00adble hybrid rocket system for the Euro\u00adpean space market that can carry mini satel\u00adlites weigh\u00ading up to 500 kilo\u00adgrams into space. The propel\u00adlant used is \u2013 of course \u2013 PROPULSE\u00ae.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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The experts at Active Oxygens know from decades of expe\u00adri\u00adence how to handle and store hydro\u00adgen perox\u00adide. This is exactly the exper\u00adtise they bring to the ENVOL team. \u201cAmong other things, we conduct mate\u00adr\u00adial compat\u00adi\u00adbil\u00adity tests at our labo\u00adra\u00adto\u00adries in Germany,\u201d explains Anna Kunkel, Senior Market\u00ading Manager for Evonik Active Oxygens\u2019 aero\u00adspace busi\u00adness. The first rocket launches are to be carried out from the Andoya Space Port in Norway.<\/p>\n

\u201cAs far as launch vehi\u00adcles and low orbit space trans\u00adporta\u00adtion are concerned, the poten\u00adtial of hydro\u00adgen perox\u00adide is massive,\u201d says Kris\u00adt\u00adian Lium, Vice Pres\u00adi\u00addent of Nammo Raufoss Space. \u201cIt is the only really sustain\u00adable alter\u00adna\u00adtive avail\u00adable today that is afford\u00adable and which has been tech\u00adno\u00adlog\u00adi\u00adcally proven over the course of decades. We rely on Evonik\u2019s PROPULSE\u00ae for our rockets.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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DLR uses H2<\/sub>O2<\/sub> in the devel\u00adop\u00adment of hybrid rocket engines<\/h5>\n

Stefan May, Head of Test\u00ading at the German Aero\u00adspace Center (DLR)<\/a>, and Thino Eggers, Head of the DLR\u2019s space\u00adcraft depart\u00adment, take a simi\u00adlar view. \u201cWe opted to use hydro\u00adgen perox\u00adide as an oxidizer when we were devel\u00adop\u00ading our hybrid rocket engines,\u201d says May. \u201cEarly on in our research, we iden\u00adti\u00adfied the bene\u00adfits that hydro\u00adgen perox\u00adide offers, compared to previ\u00adous conven\u00adtional providers of oxygen. It is non-cryo\u00adgenic, non-toxic, can be stored, and is poten\u00adtially high energy,\u201d the solid fuel and hybrid rocket engine expert explains.<\/p>\n

When exposed to atmos\u00adpheric pres\u00adsure, cryo\u00adgenic liquids, such as helium, hydro\u00adgen, or oxygen, are only liquid at very cold temper\u00ada\u00adtures. Major tech\u00adni\u00adcal and energy inputs are required to produce, store and handle them. \u201cHydro\u00adgen perox\u00adide there\u00adfore enables much safer test\u00ading oper\u00ada\u00adtions with greatly reduced envi\u00adron\u00admen\u00adtal protec\u00adtion require\u00adments. This is also reflected in the devel\u00adop\u00adment and oper\u00adat\u00ading costs of such engines.\u201d<\/p>\n

The DLR Insti\u00adtute of Aero\u00addy\u00adnam\u00adics and Flow Tech\u00adnol\u00adogy has been work\u00ading on the devel\u00adop\u00adment of effi\u00adcient rocket propul\u00adsion systems for more than ten years. The insti\u00adtute uses Evonik\u2019s PROPULSE\u00ae prod\u00aduct for test\u00ading purposes at the DLR test site in Trauen on L\u00fcneb\u00adurg Heath in Germany. \u201cEvonik has supported our research work from the very begin\u00adning by provid\u00ading both PROPULSE\u00ae and exper\u00adtise in handling and stor\u00ading hydro\u00adgen perox\u00adide,\u201d says May. As its contri\u00adbu\u00adtion to green rock\u00adetry<\/a>, the insti\u00adtute is plan\u00adning to enhance PROPULSE\u00ae-based tech\u00adnol\u00adogy for hybrid rocket engines over the next few years until it is deemed to be airwor\u00adthy \u2013 with the support of the newly estab\u00adlished Respon\u00adsive Space Clus\u00adter Compe\u00adtence Center, among others.<\/p>\n

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\u201cNew Space\u201d is taking the space market to another level<\/h5>\n

And other play\u00aders in the space indus\u00adtry are also opting to use this envi\u00adron\u00admen\u00adtally compat\u00adi\u00adble propel\u00adlant. This is because the market is under\u00adgo\u00ading radi\u00adcal change. Under the head\u00ading \u201cNew Space\u201d<\/a>, more and more private-sector space busi\u00adnesses and star\u00adtups are enter\u00ading the market, which was previ\u00adously domi\u00adnated by large govern\u00adment orga\u00adni\u00adza\u00adtions like the United States\u2019 National Aero\u00adnau\u00adtics and Space Admin\u00adis\u00adtra\u00adtion (NASA) or the Euro\u00adpean Space Agency (ESA). \u201cThe private sector align\u00adment of the space market is help\u00ading to shift the focus away from mili\u00adtary toward indus\u00adtrial, commer\u00adcial use,\u201d points out Anna Kunkel from Evonik Active Oxygens.<\/p>\n

And that is creat\u00ading the ideal devel\u00adop\u00adment condi\u00adtions for PROPULSE\u00ae. \u201cNumer\u00adous star\u00adtups around the world are already using our PROPULSE\u00ae prod\u00aduct as an envi\u00adron\u00admen\u00adtally compat\u00adi\u00adble propel\u00adlant in their latest gener\u00ada\u00adtions of rock\u00adets,\u201d the space\u00adflight expert is pleased to report. \u201cThis means that the new compa\u00adnies now enter\u00ading the market are play\u00ading a key role in the devel\u00adop\u00adment of advanced rocket tech\u00adnol\u00adogy.\u201d Previ\u00adous tech\u00adnolo\u00adgies are being enhanced in a compet\u00adi\u00adtive envi\u00adron\u00adment to make their use as part of all processes more sustain\u00adable, produc\u00adtive, and there\u00adfore more cost effective.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Care\u00adful use of resources to make space\u00adflight more sustainable<\/h5>\n

For exam\u00adple, research is being conducted into reusing rock\u00adets or indi\u00advid\u00adual compo\u00adnents. Other approaches to reduce costs and increasere\u00adsource effi\u00adciency include the use of stan\u00addard\u00adized compo\u00adnents, serial produc\u00adtion and minia\u00adtur\u00adiza\u00adtion, as the Office of Tech\u00adnol\u00adogy Assess\u00adment at the German Parlia\u00adment (TAB) states in its \u201cNew Space \u2013 new dynam\u00adics in space explo\u00adration\u201d study<\/a> (german) dated Octo\u00adber 2020. National space agen\u00adcies have been part\u00adner\u00ading with inno\u00adv\u00ada\u00adtive private-sector play\u00aders for a long time. NASA and ESA are key clients of many new space compa\u00adnies, thanks in part to the relax\u00adation of regu\u00adla\u00adtions govern\u00ading the award of contracts.<\/p>\n

\u201cBy devel\u00adop\u00ading new tech\u00adnolo\u00adgies and busi\u00adness models, commer\u00adcial busi\u00adnesses are step\u00adping up the pace of inno\u00adva\u00adtion in the space\u00adflight sector,\u201d the study reports. New space compa\u00adnies are oper\u00adat\u00ading \u201con the one hand in the tradi\u00adtional space industry\u2019s estab\u00adlished busi\u00adness areas, e.g., commu\u00adni\u00adca\u00adtion, navi\u00adga\u00adtion, and Earth obser\u00adva\u00adtion, while open\u00ading up entirely new fields of activ\u00adity on the other.\u201d These include, for exam\u00adple, private manned space\u00adflight or even the \u201cdevel\u00adop\u00adment of new space habitats\u201d.<\/p>\n

Demand for envi\u00adron\u00admen\u00adtally compat\u00adi\u00adble, safe propel\u00adlants is also grow\u00ading due to safety concerns and increas\u00adingly strin\u00adgent regu\u00adla\u00adtions. This dynamic is compelling the market to realign. \u201cIn addi\u00adtion to the devel\u00adop\u00adment of small launch vehi\u00adcles, we are observ\u00ading aspi\u00adra\u00adtions to ensure space is kept clean and to deliver sustain\u00adable propul\u00adsion systems,\u201d Kunkel explains. As far as launch vehi\u00adcle appli\u00adca\u00adtions and low-orbit space trans\u00adporta\u00adtion are concerned, the poten\u00adtial of hydro\u00adgen perox\u00adide is there\u00adfore massive.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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* Source: \u201cNew Space \u2013 new dynam\u00adics in space explo\u00adration\u201d study (german), Office of Tech\u00adnol\u00adogy Assess\u00adment at the German Parlia\u00adment (TAB)<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Evonik Active Oxygens offers its customers a complete pack\u00adage of solutions<\/h5>\n

However, Evonik Active Oxygens wants to do more than just supply hydro\u00adgen perox\u00adide. The company also aims to provide compa\u00adnies with an entire pack\u00adage of solu\u00adtions. \u201cIt\u2019s a complex issue,\u201d says Kunkel. \u201cThere are a lot of tech\u00adnolo\u00adgies, propul\u00adsion options, and differ\u00adent rocket sizes out there. Our PROPULSE\u00ae prod\u00aduct needs to be tailored specif\u00adi\u00adcally to the vari\u00adous appli\u00adca\u00adtion options in each case.\u201d<\/p>\n

The H2<\/sub>O2<\/sub> experts have already mentored plenty of star\u00adtups right from the begin\u00adning, visited their facil\u00adi\u00adties, and advis\u00ading them. Evonik Active Oxygens assists them not only with pack\u00adag\u00ading and trans\u00adporta\u00adtion but also with logis\u00adtics and tech\u00adni\u00adcal support. Support is provided right from initial discus\u00adsions through the first deliv\u00ader\u00adies for engine tests and rocket launches. \u201cIdeally,\u201d says Kunkel, \u201cwe would be present every time the ground shakes and a rocket lifts off into space.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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New Space enables new possi\u00adbil\u00adi\u00adties \u2013 demand is grow\u00ading for more sustain\u00adable fuels. More and more play\u00aders are rely\u00ading on hydro\u00adgen peroxide.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":3225,"template":"","article-category":[78],"article-tag":[106,86],"acf":{"top_article":false},"yoast_head":"\nSustainable rocket propulsion systems boost spaceflight<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"New Space: Startups develop environmentally compatible rocket engines using Evonik\u2019s hydrogen peroxide as fuel.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/active-oxygens-sustainability.evonik.com\/en\/articles\/sustainable-propulsion-systems-boost-spaceflight\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sustainable rocket propulsion systems boost spaceflight\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"New Space: Startups develop environmentally compatible rocket engines using Evonik\u2019s hydrogen peroxide as fuel.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/active-oxygens-sustainability.evonik.com\/en\/articles\/sustainable-propulsion-systems-boost-spaceflight\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Profilwerkstatt | Nachhaltigkeitsseite Active Oxygens\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-10-18T08:08:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/active-oxygens-sustainability.evonik.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/ENVOL-rocket_Header_16-9-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1463\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script 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